HR 1, explained
An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.
Active Became Public Law No: 119-21. · Author: Jodey Arrington (R-TX)
In plain English
HR 1 is a budget bill that would change taxes, spending, and debt limits across the federal government. It includes changes to farm programs and food assistance. This bill uses a special fast-track process in Congress that limits debate and amendments.
If this passes
What would actually change, according to the official CRS summary. No predictions, no opinions.
- SNAP benefit amounts would be adjusted only by the Consumer Price Index (not by reviewing the types of food in the market basket every 5 years)
- Work requirements for SNAP would expand to include adults up to age 65 (currently age 55), and parents with children age 14 and older would face work requirements (currently only those with children under 18 are exempt)
- States would have less ability to temporarily suspend the 3-month SNAP time limit in areas with high unemployment
- Homeless individuals, veterans, and former foster youth (ages 24 and under) would be required to meet work requirements to receive SNAP
- American Indian recipients would remain exempt from the additional work requirements
Who's lobbying this bill
2513 organizations reported lobbying activity
mentioning this bill. Federal lobbying reports list the bills an organization worked and its total quarterly lobbying spend, they don't say which side the organization took, and fees aren't itemized per bill.
National Association Of Realtorstotal lobbying spend, quarters naming this bill · 10 filings
$69.0M Chamber Of Commerce Of The U.S.A.total lobbying spend, quarters naming this bill · 4 filings
$54.6M Pharmaceutical Research And Manufacturers Of Americatotal lobbying spend, quarters naming this bill · 23 filings
$51.6M Money and the vote
How the chambers voted, from official roll-call records.
House · On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendment2025-07-03
218–214 Senate · On Passage of the Bill H.R. 12025-07-01
50–50 Lobbying organizations' PAC money, by vote
Where an organization lobbying this bill has an affiliated PAC (linked through the FEC's
own connected-organization records), this shows that PAC's direct contributions to the members on each side of the
vote. Contributions span whole election cycles and are not tied to any single vote; no causal link is asserted.
National Association Of Realtorsdirect PAC contributions to House members voting (2024 + 2026 cycles)
$2.6M → Yes (218) · $2.5M → No (214) National Association Of Realtorsdirect PAC contributions to Senate members voting (2024 + 2026 cycles)
$198K → Yes (50) · $182K → No (50)
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candidates or measures. Every number on this page comes from official disclosure filings, cited below.
Sources
- Bill text and CRS summary: Congress.gov.
- Lobbying activity: quarterly LDA reports filed with the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House (lda.senate.gov).
- Votes: official House Clerk and Senate roll-call records. PAC contributions: FEC bulk data (committee-to-candidate transactions).
Explainer text is generated from the official source text above and reviewed for neutrality:
it describes only what the text says, in conditional terms, with no evaluations or predictions.
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